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Dec 24, 2020

Substitution Reaction - Definition, Types and Examples

In this article we will discuss about Substitution Reaction. Here we will learn definition, types and examples of Substitution Reaction. 

Key words: Substitution reactions, Leaving group, Nucleophile, Electrophile, Free radical, Electrophilic SubstitutionFree Radical Substitution and Nucleophilic Substitution.

Dec 9, 2020

Addition Reaction - Definition, Types and Examples

In this article we will discuss about Addition Reaction. In chemistry, Addition Reaction is a chemical reaction where two or more molecules combine together to form adduct. Here we will learn definition, types and examples of Addition Reaction.

Key words: Addition Reaction, Electrophilic Addition ReactionsNucleophilic Addition Reactions, Free Radical AdditionPolymerization and Cycloaddition Reactions.

Dec 3, 2020

Alkyl Halide (Haloalkane) - Structure and Nomenclature

In this article we will discuss about Alkyl halide or HaloalkaneAlkyl halide is an organic compound which has a halogen atom bonded to the sp3 hybrid carbon atom of alkyl group. Here we will learn about structure and nomenclature of Alkyl halide.

Key words: Alkyl halides, Halogen, Types of alkyl halides, Common names and IUPAC names of alkyl halides. 

Nov 8, 2020

Naming Ethers

In this article we will learn Naming of Ethers in organic chemistry. Ethers are the colorless, pleasant smelling and highly volatile organic compounds. Ethers are oxygen containing chemical compounds which are considered as derivatives of alcohols or water. 

Key words: Ether, Epoxide, Common Names of Ethers, IUPAC Names of Ethers.

Nov 2, 2020

Isomerism - Definitions, Type & Examples

Isomerism is the phenomenon in which two or more individual compounds have same molecular formula but different structures. Isomers are the compounds which have same molecular formula but they differ in the arrangement of atoms in the molecule. 

Key words: Isomerism, Structural Isomers, Chain Isomers, Position Isomers, Functional Group,  Isomers, Metamers, Tautomers, Ring Chain Isomers, Configurational Isomers, Enantiomers,  Stereoisomers, Conformational isomers, Diastereomers

Oct 8, 2020

Dehydrohalogenation of Alkyl Halides

Dehydrohalogenation is a chemical reaction of alkyl halides in which halide atom and hydrogen atom eliminate to form alkenes products in organic chemistryDehydrohalogenation is an example of elimination reaction. In this article we will learn about E1 and E2 reactions. We will understand the mechanisms and compare the products obtained from these reactions.

Key wordsDehydrohalogenation, Elimination reaction, Unimolecular reaction, bimolecular reaction, Zaitsev rule, Hoffmann product.

Oct 2, 2020

Isomerism in Alkenes in Organic Chemistry

Isomers are the two individual compounds which have same molecular formula but they differ in the arrangement of atoms in the molecule.

Hi Friends, In this article we are going to learn about Isomerism in Alkenes in organic chemistry. .

Key words: Isomers, Structural isomers, Geometric isomers, Cis/trans isomersE / Z naming system

So what are isomers?

The word isomer is derived from Greek word “isomeros” where, iso means “equal” and meros means “part”.

Sep 23, 2020

Synthesis of Alcohols

In this article we will discuss about organic reactions which are commonly used for the Synthesis of Alcohols

Alcohols are the important intermediates in Organic Chemistry. They are widely used for synthesis of other functional groups such as alkyl halides, alkenes, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids etc.

Key words: Alcohols, Nucleophilic SubstitutionHydration ReactionOxymercuration-demercurationHydroboration-oxidationDihydroxylation.

Sep 20, 2020

Alcohols - Structure and Nomenclature

The Alcohols are organic compounds that consist of hydroxyl (-OH) group. In this article we will learn about Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols

Key words: Alcohols, Structure and Nomenclature, IUPAC Names of Alcohols, Polyols, Phenols.

The word alcohol is derived from Arabic word al-kuhl means "the essence". They are one of the most common compounds used in nature and industries. 

Sep 19, 2020

Types of Arrows in Organic Chemistry

In organic chemistry, arrows are used for writing reactions and mechanisms.

Key words: Forward arrow, Dashed arrow, Equilibrium arrow, Non-equilibrium arrow, Resonance arrow, Curved arrow, Broken arrow, Retrosynthesis arrow, Clockwise and Anti-Clockwise arrows, Rotation arrow, Rearrangement arrow

Sep 16, 2020

Chemical Formula - Definition, Types & Examples

Chemical formula is the way of representation of the molecule which gives information about all the elements present and their proportion in that molecule.

Key words: Chemical formula,  Molecular formula, Empirical formula, Condensed formula, Displayed formula, Structural formula, Skeletal formula, Hill Notation.

Sep 14, 2020

Chemical Reaction - Definition, Types & Examples

Chemical reaction is the change in physical or chemical properties of substance to form new substance. In general a chemical reaction is due to breaking or formation of chemical bond between the atoms.

Key words: Chemical reaction, Reaction Mechanism, Chemical Thermodynamics, Chemical Kinetics.

In this article we will learn about chemical reactions and different types of chemical reactions. Every reaction has three components: reactant,  reagent and product. 

Sep 12, 2020

Naming of Bicyclic Alkanes

Bicyclic alkanes are the organic compounds which consists of cyclic structures. As the word suggest they consist two cyclic structures which are fused to each other by one or two carbon atoms. In this article we will learn about IUPAC nomenclature of bicyclic alkanes. They are also known as  saturated cyclic hydrocarbon compounds. 
Key words: Bicyclic alkanes, Fused bicyclic, Bridged bicyclic, Spirocyclic, Nomenclature. 

As the name of the broad category indicates “bicyclic” means there are two rings which are joined together. In this category of alkanes three types of structures are found. They are Fused bicyclic, Bridged bicyclic, Spirocyclic

Sep 11, 2020

Cycloalkanes - Structure and Nomenclature

Cycloalkanes are the organic compounds which consists of rings that are made up of carbon-carbon single bonds. In this article we will discuss Structure and Nomenclature of Cycloalkanes. 
Cycloalkenes are cyclic saturated hydrocarbons and have general formula of CnH2n. They are named in similar way of alkanes with addition of prefix “cyclo”.

Key words: Saturated hydrocarbons, Cycloalkanes, IUPAC nomenclature. 

Sep 10, 2020

Alkynes - Structure and Nomenclature

Alkynes are the aromatic compounds which bears carbon-carbon triple bond. They are also known as unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds. In this article we will learn about Structure and Nomenclature of Alkynes.

Key words: Alkynes, Unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbon-carbon triple bond, IUPAC Nomenclature. 

Alkynes are the unsaturated hydrocarbons. They consist of at least one carbon-carbon triple bond.

Sep 8, 2020

Alkenes - Structure and Nomenclature

Alkenes are the organic compound which consists of at least one carbon-carbon double bond. They are also known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. In this article we will learn about Structure and IUPAC Nomenclature of alkene compounds.

Key wordsAlkenes, Unsaturated hydrocarbons, Carbon-carbon double bond, IUPAC Nomenclature. 

The Alkenes are known as unsaturated hydrocarbons. They are derivatives of alkanes and consist of one or more carbon-carbon double bond. Alkenes have general formula CnH2n. 

Sep 6, 2020

Alkanes - Structure and Nomenclature

Alkanes are organic compounds which consists of single-bonded carbon and hydrogen atoms. Alkanes are also known as saturated hydrocarbons. They have general formula CnH2n+2. There are three types of alkane compound found in nature, that is straight chain alkane, branched alkane and cyclic alkane. In this article we will learn about IUPAC nomenclature of straight chain and branched alkane compounds. 

Key words: Alkanes, Saturated hydrocarbons, Common names of alkane, IUPAC nomenclature.